Ethiopia — Marginal Thinking

Global System & PowerSeptember 23, 2026

BRICS Global South New Development Bank international institutions local currencies

BRICS in 2026: from an investment acronym to a heterogeneous institution of Global South coordination

An institutional and economic reconstruction of how BRICS evolved from a four-country analytical category into an 11-member coordination system with a development bank, wider diplomatic reach and rising internal heterogeneity.

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Global System & PowerSeptember 23, 2026

Ethiopia economic history developmental state foreign exchange demography

Ethiopia: highland state formation, demographic scale and the difficult transition from public-investment growth to a market-based economy

Ethiopia combines a long history of highland state formation with one of Africa's largest populations and a recent model of state-led infrastructure and industrial investment; in 2026 rapid growth coexists with inflation, foreign-exchange reform, debt restructuring and the social consequences of recent conflict.

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