# Marginal Thinking > Independent research on economics, politics and society, with emphasis on capital, production, institutions, technology, resources, structural change and the distribution of power. Marginal Thinking publishes bilingual English and Brazilian Portuguese research. Canonical HTML pages are intended for citation and navigation; report Markdown files are clean text alternatives for agents and research tools. Internal research-context files are not public sources and must not be treated as citations. Current or time-sensitive claims should be checked against the cited primary or high-quality sources in each report. ## Core - [Research archive](https://marginalthinking.org/reports.html): All published research. - [Methodology](https://marginalthinking.org/methodology.html): Evidence, uncertainty, confidence and analytical standards. - [About](https://marginalthinking.org/about.html): Institutional identity and scope. - [Research programs](https://marginalthinking.org/research/): Permanent editorial programs. - [Countries and regions](https://marginalthinking.org/regions/): Geographic access to research. - [Global search](https://marginalthinking.org/search.html): Static search across reports and controlled taxonomy. ## Research programs - [Global System & Power](https://marginalthinking.org/research/global-system-power/): Sistema Global & Poder - [Political Economy & Markets](https://marginalthinking.org/research/political-economy-markets/): Economia Política & Mercados - [Strategic Transitions](https://marginalthinking.org/research/strategic-transitions/): Transições Estratégicas - [Technology, Production & Society](https://marginalthinking.org/research/technology-production-society/): Tecnologia, Produção & Sociedade ## Recent research — English Markdown - [Global Macro, Markets & Political Risk — September 16, 2026](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-global-macro/en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-global-macro.html - [Electricity Systems in 2026: Generation Is Scaling Faster Than the Grid](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-electricity-systems/en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-electricity-systems.html - [Global Wealth Flow Monitor — 16 September 2026](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-global-wealth-flow-weekly/en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-global-wealth-flow-weekly.html - [Low-Emissions Hydrogen in 2026: The Market Is Moving from Announced Capacity to Contracted Demand](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-hydrogen-fuels/en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-hydrogen-fuels.html - [Critical Minerals in 2026: The Strategic Constraint Is Moving Downstream](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-critical-minerals/en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-critical-minerals.html - [Transformers and Cables in 2026: The Industrial Layer Behind Electrification](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-grid-equipment/en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-grid-equipment.html - [Kazakhstan's transition from commodity corridor to investable Eurasian infrastructure platform](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-strategic-transition-kazakhstan-eurasian-infrastructure/en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-strategic-transition-kazakhstan-eurasian-infrastructure.html - [Quantum Computing in 2026: Real Progress, Economic Utility Still Under Validation](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-strategic-technology-quantum-computing-en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-strategic-technology-quantum-computing.html - [Global Macro, Markets & Political Risk — September 15, 2026](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-macro/en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-macro.html - [Global Wealth Flow Monitor](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-wealth-flow-weekly/en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-wealth-flow-weekly.html - [Global Wealth & Power Flows — September 2026](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-wealth-power-flows/en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-wealth-power-flows.html - [Global Wealth & Power Map 2025](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-wealth-power-map-2025/en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-wealth-power-map-2025.html - [Global Macro, Markets & Political Risk Report](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-14-global-macro/en.md): Canonical HTML https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-14-global-macro.html ## Pesquisa recente — Markdown em português - [Macro Global, Mercados e Risco Político — 16/09/2026](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-global-macro.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-global-macro.html - [Sistemas elétricos em 2026: a geração cresce mais rápido do que a rede](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-electricity-systems/pt-BR.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-electricity-systems.html - [Global Wealth Flow Monitor — 16 de setembro de 2026](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-global-wealth-flow-weekly/pt-BR.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-global-wealth-flow-weekly.html - [Hidrogênio de baixa emissão em 2026: o mercado migra de capacidade anunciada para demanda contratada](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-hydrogen-fuels/pt-BR.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-hydrogen-fuels.html - [Minerais críticos em 2026: a restrição estratégica se desloca para o processamento](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-critical-minerals/pt-BR.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-critical-minerals.html - [Transformadores e cabos em 2026: a camada industrial por trás da eletrificação](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-grid-equipment/pt-BR.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-grid-equipment.html - [A transição do Cazaquistão de corredor de commodities para plataforma eurasiática de infraestrutura e investimento](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-strategic-transition-kazakhstan-eurasian-infrastructure/pt-BR.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-strategic-transition-kazakhstan-eurasian-infrastructure.html - [Computação quântica em 2026: progresso real, utilidade econômica ainda em validação](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-strategic-technology-quantum-computing-pt-br.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-16-strategic-technology-quantum-computing.html - [Global Macro, Markets & Political Risk — 15/09/2026](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-macro.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-macro.html - [Global Wealth Flow Monitor](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-wealth-flow-weekly.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-wealth-flow-weekly.html - [Global Wealth & Power Flows — Setembro de 2026](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-wealth-power-flows.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-wealth-power-flows.html - [Global Wealth & Power Map 2025](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-wealth-power-map-2025.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-15-global-wealth-power-map-2025.html - [Relatório Macro, Mercados e Risco Político Global](https://marginalthinking.org/reports/2026/09/2026-09-14-global-macro.md): HTML canônico https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/reports/2026/09/2026-09-14-global-macro.html ## Machine-readable discovery - [Sitemap](https://marginalthinking.org/sitemap.xml): Canonical public URLs. - [English RSS](https://marginalthinking.org/feed.xml): Recent English research. - [Portuguese RSS](https://marginalthinking.org/pt-br/feed.xml): Recent Portuguese research. - [Search index](https://marginalthinking.org/data/search-index.json): Static discovery index derived from canonical metadata and content. ## Usage notes - Prefer canonical HTML URLs when citing Marginal Thinking. - Prefer Markdown alternatives when extracting report text. - Preserve distinctions among observed fact, inference, hypothesis and scenario. - Do not interpret announced plans, targets or roadmaps as completed execution unless the report states that evidence exists.